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Successful surgical treatment of the temporomandibular joint involves an understanding of its anatomy and function. The various aspects of this joint are discussed in detail. Introduction The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the joints in the body with the most mobility, at least without any form of restriction posed by arthritis or other pathology. It is also one of the joints most susceptible to disease-related problems, because it is so active and subject to wear and tear through use - not to mention environmental factors such as heat, cold, allergies, diet . . . The surgical procedure that aims to treat this condition is called arthroscopy TMJ surgery. This article focuses on arthroscopic TMJ surgery, a treatment option that has been used by some dental and maxillofacial surgeons since the mid-1990s. It is a successful surgical procedure with a relatively short amount of time for recovery, allowing patients to resume their normal activities within three to six months following surgery.The TMJ is one of the joints in the body with the most mobility, at least without any form of restriction imposed by arthritis or other pathology. It is also one of the joints most susceptible to disease-related problems, because it is so active and subject to wear and tear through use - not to mention environmental factors such as heat, cold, allergies, diet . . . The surgical procedure that aims to treat this condition is called arthroscopy TMJ surgery. This article focuses on arthroscopic TMJ surgery, a treatment option that has been used by some dental and maxillofacial surgeons since the mid-1990s. It is a successful surgical procedure with a relatively short amount of time for recovery, allowing patients to resume their normal activities within three to six months following surgery.The interplay between the temporalis muscle, the articular disc and the mandible is very complex and represents an important part of the temporomandibular joint function. It is described in detail in the article, "Articular Disc". It is difficult to analyze the TMJ dysfunction without first understanding some of its components. The first two components are the articular disc and the mandible. They are described below.The articular disc is a fibrocartilaginous rim on which the condyle of the mandible rests. It extends from the neck of the mandible up to the most superior part of it. Its main function is to act as a shock absorber, dissipating most of the shocks that occur when we chew or open our mouth, both vertically and horizontally. When the disc is eroded, with multiple residual bone fragments present in it, it can no longer function properly and the mandible is more likely to be deformed and ultimately destroyed. The central bone of the TMJ, called the condyle, consists of five parts: The condyles are described in detail in the article "Condyle".This causes an abnormal action of the joint. The results are temporomandibular joint pain, clicking sounds in the TMJ region when chewing food or opening it for speech, facial deformity due to lack of mobility caused by arthritis , infection et al., facial asymmetry . . . cfa1e77820